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prepared from copper

  • 1 sulfato de cobre

    Ex. Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    * * *

    Ex: Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.

    Spanish-English dictionary > sulfato de cobre

  • 2 óxido de cobre

    (n.) = copper oxide
    Ex. Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    * * *

    Ex: Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.

    Spanish-English dictionary > óxido de cobre

  • 3 cristalino

    adj.
    1 crystalline, crystal-clear, clear, glass-like.
    2 candid, unnaive, sincere, unreserved.
    3 glassy, vitreous.
    m.
    crystalline lens, lens, eye lens.
    * * *
    1 transparent, crystal-clear
    1 crystalline lens
    ————————
    1 crystalline lens
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    1.
    ADJ (Fís) crystalline; [agua, explicación] crystal-clear
    2.
    * * *
    I
    - na adjetivo crystalline
    II
    masculino crystalline lens
    * * *
    = crystal-clear, crystalline.
    Ex. A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.
    Ex. Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    ----
    * roca cristalina = crystalline rock.
    * * *
    I
    - na adjetivo crystalline
    II
    masculino crystalline lens
    * * *
    = crystal-clear, crystalline.

    Ex: A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.

    Ex: Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    * roca cristalina = crystalline rock.

    * * *
    1 ( liter); ‹agua/manantial› crystalline ( liter), crystal-clear
    2 ( Fís, Min) crystalline
    crystalline lens
    * * *

    cristalino
    ◊ -na adjetivo

    crystalline
    cristalino,-a adjetivo crystal clear

    ' cristalino' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cristalina
    English:
    glassy
    - lens
    - crystal
    * * *
    cristalino, -a
    ♦ adj
    crystalline
    ♦ nm
    crystalline lens
    * * *
    adj crystal-clear
    * * *
    cristalino, -na adj
    : crystalline, clear
    : lens (of the eye)

    Spanish-English dictionary > cristalino

  • 4 diáfano

    adj.
    1 diaphanous, crystalline, filmy, gauzy.
    2 diaphane.
    * * *
    1 diaphanous, translucent (transparente) transparent
    2 (claro) clear, bright
    3 figurado (explicación) clear; (conducta) impeccable
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) (=translúcido) [agua] crystal-clear, crystalline liter; [cristal] translucent; [tela] diaphanous
    2) [argumento, explicación] crystal-clear

    es diáfano que... — it is absolutely clear that...

    3) [espacio] open
    * * *
    - na adjetivo
    a) (liter) < agua> limpid (liter)
    b) < luz> bright; < cielo> clear
    c) ( traslúcido) < porcelana> translucent; < tela> diaphanous
    d) <conducta/proceder> impeccable; < explicación> crystal clear
    * * *
    = crystal-clear, crystalline, diaphanous.
    Ex. A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.
    Ex. Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    Ex. The moments of grace that he had with her will truly become diaphanous memories imprinted in the very core of his soul.
    * * *
    - na adjetivo
    a) (liter) < agua> limpid (liter)
    b) < luz> bright; < cielo> clear
    c) ( traslúcido) < porcelana> translucent; < tela> diaphanous
    d) <conducta/proceder> impeccable; < explicación> crystal clear
    * * *
    = crystal-clear, crystalline, diaphanous.

    Ex: A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.

    Ex: Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    Ex: The moments of grace that he had with her will truly become diaphanous memories imprinted in the very core of his soul.

    * * *
    A ( liter)
    1 ‹agua› crystal clear, limpid ( liter), crystalline ( liter)
    sus diáfanos ojos azules her clear blue eyes
    2 ‹luz› bright
    un cielo/un día diáfano a clear sky/day
    una habitación diáfana a bright room, a room with plenty of light
    3 ‹conducta/proceder› impeccable; ‹explicación› crystal clear
    4 (traslúcido) ‹porcelana› translucent; ‹tela› diaphanous
    B ( Esp) ‹local› open-plan
    * * *

    diáfano,-a adjetivo
    1 (explicación) clear
    2 (bien iluminado) well-lit
    3 (sin obstáculos) clear, open
    4 Fís translucent
    ' diáfano' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    diáfana
    English:
    lacy
    * * *
    diáfano, -a adj
    1. [casi transparente] [cristal] (almost) transparent;
    [tela] diaphanous
    2. [claro] [luz, cielo, ojos] clear;
    [agua] crystal-clear
    3. [sin tapujos] [respuesta, explicación] crystal-clear
    4. Esp Constr open-plan;
    una oficina diáfana an open-plan office
    * * *
    adj clear
    * * *
    diáfano, -na adj
    : diaphanous

    Spanish-English dictionary > diáfano

  • 5 nítido

    adj.
    neat, clean, very clean, nice.
    * * *
    1 (transparente) clear, transparent
    2 (claro) accurate, precise
    3 (imagen) sharp
    * * *
    (f. - nítida)
    adj.
    clear, sharp
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) [imagen, fotografía] sharp, clear; [aire, agua] clear
    2) [explicación, orden] clear; [conducta] irreproachable
    * * *
    - da adjetivo <foto/imagen> clear; < recuerdo> vivid; <cielo/agua> clear
    * * *
    = clean [cleaner -comp., cleanest -sup.], clear-cut, crisp [crisper -comp., crispest -sup.], neat [neater -comp., neatest -sup.], clean-cut, crystal-clear, licked, crystalline, uncloudy, unclouded, cut and dried [cut and dry].
    Ex. Perhaps it is obvious that guiding must also be accurate, clean and tidy.
    Ex. The hierarchical relationship is relatively clear-cut, and rather precise guideliness can be formulated to ensure that the BT/NT relationship is consistently applied.
    Ex. A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.
    Ex. What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
    Ex. Librarians have a preference for nice, clean-cut, definable, easily-retrievable questions.
    Ex. A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.
    Ex. Modern art is often characterized by its overt acknowledgement of materials and process, whereas the licked surface of academic art is perceived as a sympton of pre-modern concerns.
    Ex. Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    Ex. In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.
    Ex. As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.
    Ex. One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    ----
    * de un modo nítido = cleanly.
    * poco nítido = untidy.
    * * *
    - da adjetivo <foto/imagen> clear; < recuerdo> vivid; <cielo/agua> clear
    * * *
    = clean [cleaner -comp., cleanest -sup.], clear-cut, crisp [crisper -comp., crispest -sup.], neat [neater -comp., neatest -sup.], clean-cut, crystal-clear, licked, crystalline, uncloudy, unclouded, cut and dried [cut and dry].

    Ex: Perhaps it is obvious that guiding must also be accurate, clean and tidy.

    Ex: The hierarchical relationship is relatively clear-cut, and rather precise guideliness can be formulated to ensure that the BT/NT relationship is consistently applied.
    Ex: A crisp, even impression became the norm, along with the use of respectable paper and ink.
    Ex: What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
    Ex: Librarians have a preference for nice, clean-cut, definable, easily-retrievable questions.
    Ex: A crystal-clear mental picture of what the group should become is needed.
    Ex: Modern art is often characterized by its overt acknowledgement of materials and process, whereas the licked surface of academic art is perceived as a sympton of pre-modern concerns.
    Ex: Copper sulfate occurs as a blue crystalline powder prepared from copper oxide.
    Ex: In that case, the peak of solar energy could be at an uncloudy moment in the morning or afternoon, even though the sun wasn't highest in the sky at that moment.
    Ex: As they grow up in those heady post-war years, in the blue unclouded weather of the late 1940s, these are the sisters you'll never forget.
    Ex: One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    * de un modo nítido = cleanly.
    * poco nítido = untidy.

    * * *
    nítido -da
    ‹foto/imagen› clear, sharp, well-defined; ‹recuerdo› clear, vivid; ‹día/mañana› clear
    dio una respuesta nítida y concisa she replied clearly and concisely
    ojos de un azul nítido clear blue eyes
    * * *

    nítido
    ◊ -da adjetivo ‹foto/imagen› clear

    nítido,-a adj (claro, límpido) clear
    (bien definido) sharp

    ' nítido' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    nítida
    English:
    clear
    - neat
    - sharp
    - clean
    - crystal
    - distinct
    * * *
    nítido, -a adj
    [claro] clear; [imagen, color] sharp
    * * *
    adj
    1 clear
    2 imagen sharp
    * * *
    nítido, -da adj
    claro: clear, vivid, sharp

    Spanish-English dictionary > nítido

  • 6 aes

    aes, aeris (often used in plur. nom. and acc.; abl. aeribus, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll., and Lucr. 2, 636; gen. AERVM, Inscr. Orell. 3551), n. [cf. Germ. Eisen = iron, Erz = copper; Goth. aiz = copper, gold; Angl.Sax. ar, ær = ore, copper, brass; Eng. iron, ore; Lat. aurum; with the com. notion of brightness; cf. aurora, etc.].
    I.
    Any crude metal dug out of the earth, except gold and silver; esp.,
    a.
    Aes Cyprium, whence cuprum, copper: scoria aeris, copper dross or scoria, Plin. 34, 11, 24, § 107:

    aeris flos,

    flowers of copper, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107:

    squama aeris,

    scales of copper, Cels. 2, 12 init.:

    aes fundere,

    Plin. 33, 5, 30, § 94:

    conflare et temperare,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 197:

    India neque aes neque plumbum habet,

    id. 34, 17, 48, § 163:

    aurum et argentum et aes,

    Vulg. Ex. 25, 3.—
    b.
    An alloy, for the most part of copper and tin, bronze (brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, was hardly known to the ancients. For their bronze coins the Greeks adhered to copper and tin till B.C. 400, after which they added lead. Silver is rare in Greek bronze coins. The Romans admitted lead into their bronze coins, but gradually reduced the quantity, and, under Calig., Nero, Vesp., and Domit., issued pure copper coins, and then reverted to the mixture of lead. In the bronze mirrors now existing, which are nearly all Etruscan, silver predominated to give a highly reflecting surface. The antique bronze had about 87 parts of copper to 13 of tin. An analysis of several objects has given the following centesimal parts: statua ex aere, Cic. Phil. 9, 6:

    simulacrum ex aere factum,

    Plin. 34, 4, 9, § 15:

    valvas ex aere factitavere,

    id. 34, 3, 7, § 13.—Hence:

    ducere aliquem ex aere,

    to cast one's image in bronze, id. 7, 37, 38, § 125; and in the same sense poet.:

    ducere aera,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240:

    aes Corinthium,

    Plin. 34, 2, 3, §§ 5-8; v. Corinthius.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    (Esp. in the poets.) For everything made or prepared from copper, bronze, etc. ( statues, tables of laws, money), and (as the ancients had the art of hardening and tempering copper and bronze) weapons, armor, utensils of husbandry: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, the trumpet sounds, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 32 (Trag. v. 213 Vahl.):

    Et prior aeris erat quam ferri cognitus usus: Aere solum terrae tractabant, aereque belli Miscebant fluctus et vulnera vasta serebant, etc.,

    Lucr. 5, 1287:

    quae ille in aes incidit, in quo populi jussa perpetuasque leges esse voluit,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 17; cf. id. Fam. 12, 1; Tac. A. 11, 14; 12, 53; id. H. 4, 40: aere ( with the trumpet, horn) ciere viros, Verg. A. 6, 165:

    non tuba directi, non aeris cornua flexi,

    Ov. M. 1, 98 (hence also rectum aes, the tuba, in contr. with the crooked buccina, Juv. 2, 118); a brazen prow, Verg. A. 1, 35; the brazen age, Hor. Epod. 16, 64.—In plur.: aera, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll.; Verg. A. 2, 734; Hor. C. 4, 8, 2 al.—
    B.
    Money: the first Roman money consisted of small rude masses of copper, called aes rude, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43; afterwards as coined:

    aes signatum,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 3; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43;

    so aes alone: si aes habent, dant mercem,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 49:

    ancilla aere suo empta,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 26: aes circumforaneum. borrowed from the brokers in the forum, Cic. Att. 2, 1: Hic meret aera liber Sosiis, earns them money, Hor. A. P. [p. 61] 345:

    gravis aere dextra,

    Verg. E. 1, 36:

    effusum est aes tuum,

    Vulg. Ez. 16, 36:

    neque in zona aes (tollerent),

    ib. Maarc. 6, 8:

    etiam aureos nummos aes dicimus,

    Dig. 50, 16, 159.—Hence,
    1.
    Aes alienum, lit. the money of another; hence, in reference to him who has it, the sum owed, a debt, Plaut. Curc. 3, 1, 2:

    habere aes alienum,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 6:

    aes alienum amicorum suscipere,

    to take upon one's self, id. Off. 2, 16:

    contrahere,

    to run up, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    facere,

    id. Att. 13, 46:

    conflare,

    Sall. C. 14, 2; 24, 3:

    in aes alienum incidere,

    to fall into debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 9:

    in aere alieno esse,

    to be in debt, id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 6; so,

    aere alieno oppressum esse,

    id. Font. 1; so Vulg. 1 Reg. 22, 2:

    laborare ex aere alieno,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 22:

    liberare se aere alieno,

    to get quit of, Cic. Att. 6, 2; so,

    aes alienum dissolvere,

    id. Sull. 56:

    aere alieno exire,

    to get out of, id. Phil. 11, 6.—
    2.
    In aere meo est, trop., he is, as it were, among my effects, he is my friend (only in the language of common conversation):

    in animo habui te in aere meo esse propter Lamiae nostri conjunctionem,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 62; 15, 14.—
    * 3.
    Alicujus aeris esse, to be of some value, Gell. 18, 5.—
    * 4.
    In aere suo censeri, to be esteemed according to its own worth, Sen. Ep. 87.—
    C.
    Sometimes = as, the unit of the standard of money (cf. as); hence, aes grave, the old heary money (as weighed, not counted out):

    denis milibus aeris gravis reos condemnavit,

    Liv. 5, 12:

    indicibus dena milia aeris gravis, quae tum divitiae habebantur, data,

    id. 4, 60; so, aes alone and in the gen. sing., instead of assium:

    aeris miliens, triciens,

    a hundred millions, three millions, Cic. Rep. 3, 10:

    qui milibus aeris quinquaginta census fuisset,

    Liv. 24, 11.—Also for coins that are smaller than an as (quadrans, triens, etc.):

    nec pueri credunt, nisi qui nondum aere, i. e. quadrante, lavantur (those who bathed paid each a quadrans),

    Juv. 2, 152 (cf.:

    dum tu quadrante lavatum Rex ibis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 137).—
    D.
    Wages, pay.
    1.
    A soldier's pay = stipendium:

    negabant danda esse aera militibus,

    Liv. 5, 4. And soon after: annua aera habes: annuam operam ede.— Hence in plur., = stipendia, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 33.—
    2.
    Reward, payment, in gen., Juv. 6, 125: nullum in bonis numero, quod ad aes exit, that has in view or aims at pay, reward, Sen. Ep. 88.—
    E.
    In plur.: aera, counters; hence also the items of a computed sum (for which, later, a sing. form aera, ae (q. v.), came into use): si aera singula probāsti, summam, quae ex his confecta sit, non probare? Cic. ap. Non. 3, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aes

  • 7 aeramentum

    aerāmentum, i, n. [id.], that is prepared from copper or bronze; hence, a copper or bronze vessel or utensil, Plin. 33, 5, 30, § 94; 35, 15, 51, § 182.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aeramentum

  • 8 रसः _rasḥ

    रसः [रस्-अच्]
    1 Sap, juice (of trees); इक्षुरसः, कुसुमरसः &c.
    -2 A liquid, fluid; यष्टव्यं पशुभिर्मुख्यैरथो बीजै रसैरिति Mb.14.91.21; न्यस्ताक्षरा धातुरसेन यत्र Ku.1.7.
    -3 Water; सहस्रगुणमुत्स्रष्टुमादत्ते हि रसं रविः R.1.18; Bv.2.144.
    -4 Liquor, drink; Ms.2.177.
    -5 A draught, potion.
    -6 Taste, flavour, relish (fig. also) (considered in Vaiś. phil. as one of the 24 gunas; the rasas are six; कटु, अम्ल, मधुर, लवण, तिक्त and कषाय); परायत्तः प्रीतेः कथ- मिव रसं वेत्तु पुरुषः Mu.3.4; U.2.2.
    -7 A sauce, condi- ment,
    -8 An object of taste; मनो बबन्धान्यरसान् विलङ्ध्य सा R.3.4.
    -9 Taste or inclination for a thing, liking, desire; रसवर्जं रसो$प्यस्य परं दृष्ट्वा निवर्तते Bg.2.59; इष्टे वस्तुन्युपचितरसाः प्रेमराशीभवन्ति Me.114.
    -1 Love, affec- tion; जरसा यस्मिन्नहार्यो रसः U.1.39; प्रसरति रसो निर्वृतिघनः 6.11 'feeling of love'; रसादृते V.2.21; Ku. 3.37.
    -11 Pleasure, delight, happiness; चिरात्सुतस्पर्श- रसज्ञतां ययौ R.3.26.
    -12 Charm, interest, elegance, beauty.
    -13 Pathos, emotion, feeling.
    -14 (In poetic compositions) A sentiment; नवरसरुचिरां निर्मितिमादधती भारती कवेर्जयति; K. P.1. (The rasas are usually eight:-- शृङ्गारहास्यकरुणरौद्रवीरभयानकाः । भीभत्साद्भुतसंज्ञौ चेत्यष्टौ नाट्ये रसाः स्मृताः ॥ but sometimes शान्तरस is added; thus making the total number 9; निर्वेदस्थायिभावो$स्ति शान्तो$पि नवमो रसः K. P.4; sometimes a tenth, वात्सल्यरस, is also added. Rasas are more or less a necessary factor of every poetic composition, but, according to Viśvanātha, they constitute the very essence of poetry; वाक्यं रसात्मकं काव्यम् S. D.3.).
    -15 Essence, pith, best part; ब्रह्म तेजोमयं शुक्रं यस्य सर्वमिदं रसःMb.12.24.9.
    -16 A con- stituent fluid of the body.
    -17 Semen virile.
    -18 Mer- cury.
    -19 A poison, poisonous drink; as in तीक्ष्णरस- दायिनः; रसविधानकौशलैः Dk.2.8.
    -2 Any mineral metallic salt.
    -21 Juice of the sugar-cane.
    -22 Milk.
    -23 Melted butter.
    -24 Nectar; मयः कूपरसे$क्षिपत् Bhāg.7.1.59-6.
    -25 Soup, broth.
    -26 A symboli- cal expression for the number 'six'.
    -27 Green onion.
    -28 Myrrh.
    -29 Gold.
    -3 A metal in a state of fusion.
    -31 See रसातल; अनेन नूनं वेदानां कृतमाहरणं रसात् Mb.12.347.67.
    -32 The tongue (as the organ of taste); वाण्यां च छन्दांसि रसे जलेशम् Bhāg.8.2.27; जितं सर्वं जिते रसे 11.8.21.
    -33 (With Vaiṣṇavas.) Dispo- sition of the heart or mind (the five Rasas are शान्ति, दास्य, साख्य, वात्सल्य and माधुर्य).
    -Comp. -अग्रजम् an ointment prepared from the calx of brass.
    -अञ्जनम् vitriol of copper, a sort of collyrium.
    -अधिक a.
    1 tasty.
    -2 abounding in pleasures, splendid; Ś.7.2 (v. l.). (
    -कः) borax.
    -अन्तरम् 1 a different taste.
    -2 different feelings or sentiments.
    -अभिनिवेशः intentness of affection.
    -अम्लः 1 a kind of sorrel.
    -2 sour sauce.
    -अयनम् 1 an elixir of life (elixir vitæ), any medicine supposed to prolong life and prevent old age; निखिलरसायनमहितो गन्धेनोग्रेण लशुन इव R. G.
    -2 (fig.) serving as an elixir vitæ, i. e. that which gratifies or regales; आनन्दनानि हृदयैकरसायनानि Māl.6.8; मनसश्च रसायनानि U.1.37; श्रोत्र˚, कर्ण˚ &c.
    -3 alchemy or chemistry.
    -4 any medicinal compound.
    -5 butter-milk.
    -6 poison.
    -7 long pepper.
    (-नः) 1 an alchemist.
    -2 N. of Garuḍa. ˚श्रेष्ठः mer- cury. (
    -नी f.)
    1 a channel for the fluids of the body.
    -2 N. of several plants:-- गुडूची, काकमाची, महाकरञ्ज, गोरक्षदुग्धा and मांसच्छदा.
    -आत्मक a.
    1 consisting of juice or sentiment.
    -2 elegant, beautiful.
    -3 having taste or flavour.
    -4 ambrosial; रसात्मकस्योडुपतेश्च रश्मयः Ku.5.22.
    -5 fluid, liquid, watery; सोमो भूत्वा रसात्मकः Bg.15.13.
    -आदानम् absorption of fluid, suction.
    -आधारः the sun.
    -आभासः 1 the semblance or mere appearance of a sentiment; अनौचित्यप्रवृत्तत्वे आभासो रसभावयोः S. D.
    -2 an improper manifestation of a sentiment.
    -आश्रयः a. embodying or representing sentiments.
    -आस्वादः 1 tasting juices of flavours.
    -2 perception or appreciation of poetic sentiments, a perception of poetical charm; as in काव्यामृतरसास्वादः.
    -आस्वादिन् m. a bee.
    -आह्वः tur- pentine.
    -इक्षुः sugar-cane.
    -इन्द्रः 1 mercury.
    -2 the philosopher's stone (the touch of which is said to turn iron into gold); ˚वेधजम्, संजातम् the gold.
    -उत्तमम् milk.
    (-मः) 1 quicksilver.
    -2 Phaseolus Mungo (Mar. मूग).
    -3 milk.
    -उत्पत्तिः 1 production of taste.
    -2 development of passion or sentiment.
    -3 generation of the vital fluids.
    -उद्भवम् 1 a pearl.
    -2 vermilion.
    -उपलम् a pearl.
    -ऊनम् garlic; also ऊनकः.
    -ओदनम् rice boiled in meat-broth.
    -कर्पूरम् sublimate of mer- cury.
    -कर्मन् n. preparation of quicksilver.
    -केसरम् camphor.
    -क्रिया the inspissation and application of fluid remedies.
    -गन्धः, -न्धम् gum-myrrh.
    -गन्धकः 1 myrrh.
    -2 sulphur.
    -गर्भम् 1 = रसाञ्जन.
    -2 vermilion.
    -गुण a. possessing the quality of taste; ज्योतिषश्च विकुर्वाणा- दापो रसगुणाः स्मृताः Ms.1.78.
    -ग्रह a.
    1 perceiving flavours.
    -2 appreciating or enjoying pleasures. (
    -हः) the organ of taste.
    -घन a. full of juice.
    -घ्नः borax.
    -जः 1 sugar, molasses.
    -2 an insect produced by the fermentation of liquids.
    -जम् blood. -a. bred in fluids; Ms.11.143.
    -जातम् an ointment prepared from the calx of brass.
    -ज्ञ a.
    1 one who appreciates the flavour or excellence of, one who knows the taste of; सांसारिकेषु च सुखेषु वयं रसज्ञाः U.2.22.
    -2 capable of discerning the beauty of things.
    (-ज्ञः) 1 a man of taste or feeling, a critic, an appreciative person, a poet.
    -2 an alchemist.
    -3 a physician, or one who prepares mer- curial or other chemical compounds. (
    -ज्ञा) the tongue; सखि मा जल्प तवायसी रसज्ञा Bv.2.59; (
    -रसज्ञता, त्वम् means
    1 poetical skill.
    -2 alchemy.
    -3 knowledge of flavours.
    -4 discrimination.).
    -ज्ञानम् a branch of medical science.
    -ज्येष्ठः 1 the sweet taste.
    -2 the love sentiment.
    -तन्मात्रम् the subtle element of taste.
    -तेजस् n. blood.
    -दः 1 a physician; Mb.12.121.45.
    -2 a spy who administers poison; Kau. A.1.12.
    -द्राविन् a kind of citron.
    -धातु n. quicksilver.
    -धेनुः a cow consisting of fruit-juice.
    -नाथः mercury.
    -नायकः N. of Sacute;iva.
    -निवृत्तिः loss of taste.
    -नेत्रिका red arsenic.
    -पाकजः molasses.
    -पाचकः a cook.
    -प्रबन्धः any poetical com- position, particularly a drama.
    -फलः the cocoanut tree.
    -भङ्गः the interruption or cessation of a sentiment.
    -भवम् blood.
    -भस्मम् n. oxide of mercury.
    -भेदः a preparation of quicksilver.
    -मलम् impure excretions.
    -मातृका the tongue.
    -योगः juices mixed scientifically.
    -राजः, -लोहः 1 = रसाञ्जन.
    -2 quick-silver.
    -वादः alche- my.
    -विक्रयः sale of liquors.
    -विद्धम् artificial gold.
    -शास्त्रम् the science of alchemy.
    -शोधनः borax. (
    -नम्) purification of mercury.
    -सरोरुहम् a red lotus.
    -सिद्ध a.
    1 accomplished in poetry, conversant with sentiments; जयन्ति ते सुकृतिनो रससिद्धाः कवीश्वराः Bh.2.24.
    -2 skilled in alchemy.
    -सिद्धिः f. skill in alchemy.
    -सिन्दूरम् a cinnabar made of zinc, mercury, blue vitriol and nitre.
    -स्थानम् vermilion.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > रसः _rasḥ

  • 9 रसाञ्जन


    rasâ̱ñjana
    n. vitriol of copper orﾠ a sort of collyrium prepared from it with the addition of Curcuma orﾠ (accord. toﾠ some) from the calx of brass with Amomum Anthorrhiza orﾠ (accord. toﾠ others) from leadore Suṡr.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > रसाञ्जन

  • 10 aerugo

    aerūgo, ĭnis, f. [aes, as ferrugo from ferrum].
    I.
    Rust of copper: aes Corinthium in aeruginem incidit, * Cic. Tusc. 4, 14; Plin. 15, 8, 8, § 34; 34, 17, 48, § 160.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    The verdigris prepared from the same:

    Aeruginis quoque magnus usus est,

    Plin. 34, 11, 26, § 110.—
    2.
    In gen., rust of gold and silver:

    aerugo eorum (auri et argenti) in testimonium vobis erit,

    Vulg. Jac. 5, 3.—
    3.
    Poet. (as pars pro toto, and sarcastic.), money, Juv. 13, 60.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Envy, jealousy, ill-will (which seek to consume the possessions of a neighbor, as rust corrodes metals):

    haec est Aerugo mera,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 101:

    versus tincti viridi aerugine,

    Mart. 10, 33, 5; 2, 61, 5.—
    B.
    Avarice, which cleaves to the mind of man like rust:

    animos aerugo et cura peculi Cum semel imbuerit,

    Hor. A. P. 330.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aerugo

  • 11 Schweitzer's Reagent

    A solution of ammonia and copper oxide used for many tests. When cotton is placed in this solution the fibres swell and then dissolve. The reagent is of a deep blue colour. The action of this chemical on cotton is utilised in the manufacture of cuprammonium rayon. Cross and Bevan prepared it as follows: - 5 gramms copper sulphate are dissolved in 100 cc. of water. Hydrated copper oxide is precipitated from this solution by adding a slight excess of sodium hydroxide. The precipitate is washed entirely free from alkali, drained, and mixed with a 10 per cent solution of glycerol. The reagent is kept in stoppered bottles and when required for use is washed free from glycerol and dissolved in ammonia water of 20 per cent strength.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Schweitzer's Reagent

  • 12 पञ्चन् _pañcan

    पञ्चन् num. a. (Always pl., nom. and acc. पञ्च) Five. (As the first member of comp. पञ्चन् drops its final न्). [cf. Gr. pente.]
    -Comp. -अंशः the fifth part, a fifth.
    -अग्निः 1 an aggregate of five sacred fires; i. e. (अन्वाहार्यपचन or दक्षिण, गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय, सभ्य, and आव- सथ्य).
    -2 a householder who maintains the five sacred fires; पञ्चाग्नयो धृतव्रताः Māl.1; Ms.3.185.
    -3 five mystic fires supposed to exist in the body; तेजो ह्यग्निस्तथा क्रोधश्चक्षुरूष्मा तथैव च । अग्निर्जरयते यच्च पञ्चाग्नेयाः शरीरिणः ॥ Mb.12.184.21.
    -4 one who is acquainted with the doctrine of these fires. ˚साधनम् four fires on four sides and the sun above the head. This is a form of penance.
    -अङ्ग a. five-membered, having five parts or divi- sions as in पञ्चाङ्गः प्रणामः (i. e. बाहुभ्यां चैव जानुभ्यां शिरसा वक्षसा दृशा); कृतपञ्चाङ्गविनिर्णयो नयः Ki.2.12. (see Malli. and Kāmandaka quoted by him); पञ्चाङ्गमभिनयमुपदिश्य M.1; चित्ताक्षिभ्रूहस्तपादैरङ्गैश्चेष्टादिसाम्यतः । पात्राद्यवस्थाकरणं पञ्चाङ्गे$भिनयो मतः ॥
    (-ङ्गः) 1 a tortoise or turtle.
    -2 a kind of horse with five spots in different parts of his body. (
    -ङ्गी) a bit for horses.
    -(ङ्गम्) 1 collection or aggregate of five parts.
    -2 five modes of devotion (silent prayer, oblations, libations, bathing idols and feeding Brāhmaṇas)
    -3 the five parts of a tree; त्वक्पत्रकुसुमं मूलफलमेकस्य शाखिनः । एकत्र मिलितं चैतत् पञ्चाङ्ग- मिति संज्ञितम् ॥
    -4 a calendar or almanac, so called be- cause it treats of five things:-- (तिथिर्वारश्च नक्षत्रं योगः करणमेव च); चतुरङ्गबलो राजा जगतीं वशमानयेत् । अहं पञ्चा- ङ्गबलवानाकाशं वशमानये ॥ Shbhāṣ. ˚गुप्तः a turtle. ˚पत्रम् a calendar. ˚विनिर्णयः the five rules are as follows; सहायाः साधनोपाया विभागो देशकालयोः । विनिपातप्रतीकारः सिद्धिः पञ्चाङ्ग- मिष्यते ॥ Kāmandak; cf. Ki.2.12. ˚शुद्धिः f. the propiti- ousness or favourable state of five important points; i. e. तिथि, वार, नक्षत्र, योग and करण (in astrology).
    -अङ्गिक a. five-membered.
    -अङ्गुल a. (
    -ला or
    -ली f.) measuring five fingers. (
    -लः) the castor-oil plant.
    -अ(आ)जम् the five products of the goat; cf. पञ्चगव्य.
    -अतिग a. liberated (मुक्त); सो$पि पञ्चातिगो$भवत् Mb. 12.59.9.
    -अप्सरस् n. N. of a lake, said to have been created by the sage Mandakarni; cf. R.13.38.
    -अमरा The five plants i. e. (Mar. भांग, दूर्वा, बेल, निर्गुडी and तुळस.
    -अमृत a. consisting of 5 ingredients.
    -(तम्) 1 the aggregate of five drugs; dry ginger, a species of Moonseed (Cocculus cordifolius, Mar. गुळवेल), Asparagus recemosus (Mar. शतावरी), Hypoxis brevifolia (Mar. मुसळी), गोक्षुरक (Mar. गोखरूं).
    -2 the collection of five sweet things used in worshipping deities; (दुग्धं च शर्करा चैव घृतं दधि तथा मधु).
    -3 the five elements; Māl.5.2.
    -अम्लम् the aggregate of five acid plants (the jujube, pomegranate, sorrel, spondias and citron).
    -अर्चिस् m. the planet Mercury.
    - अवयव a. five-membered (as a syllogism, the five members being, प्रतिज्ञा, हेतु, उदाहरण, उपनय and निगमन q. v.).
    -अवस्थः a corpse (so called because it is resolved into the five elements) cf. पञ्चत्व below.
    -अविकम् the five products of the sheep; cf. पञ्चगव्य.
    -अशीतिः f. eighty-five.
    -अहः a period of five days.
    - आतप a. doing penance with five fires. (i. e. with four fires and the sun); cf. R.13.41.
    -आत्मक a. consisting of five elements (as body).
    -आननः, -आस्यः, -मुखः, -वक्त्रः 1 epithets of Śiva.
    -2 a lion (so called because its mouth is generally wide open; पञ्चम् आननं यस्य), (often used at the end of names of learned men to express great learning or respect; न्याय˚, तर्क˚ &c. e. g. जगन्नाथतर्कपञ्चानन); see पञ्च a.
    -3 the sign Leo of the zodiac. (
    -नी) an epithet of Durgā.
    -आम्नायाः m. (pl.) five Śāstras supposed to have proceeded from the five mouths of Śiva.
    -आयतनी, -नम् a group of five deities like गणपति, विष्णु, शंकर, देवी and सूर्य.
    -इन्द्रियम् an aggregate of the five organs (of sense or actions; see इन्द्रियम्).
    -इषुः, -बाणः, -शरः epithets of the god of love; (so called because he has five arrows; their names are:-- अरविन्दमशोकं च चूतं च नवमल्लिका । नीलोत्पलं च पञ्चैते पञ्चबाणस्य सायकाः ॥ the five arrows are also thus named:-- संमोहनोन्मादनौ च शोषणस्तापनस्तथा । स्तम्भनश्चेति कामस्य पञ्चबाणाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥).
    -उपचारः the five articles of worship i. e. (गन्ध, पुष्प, धूप, दीप and नैवेद्य).
    -उष्मन् m. (pl.) the five digestive fires supposed to be in the body.
    -कपाल a. prepared or offered in five cups.
    -कर्ण a. branded in the ear with the number 'five' (as cattle &c.); cf. P.VI.3.115.
    -कर्मन् n. (in medicine) the five kinds of treatment; i. e. 1 वमन 'giving emetics'; 2 रेचन 'purging'; 3 नस्य 'giving stre- nutatories'; 4 अनुवासन 'administering an enema which is oily', and 5 निरूह 'administering an enema which is not oily. वमनं रेचनं नस्यं निरूहश्चानुवासनम् । पञ्चकर्मेदमन्यश्च ज्ञेयमुत्क्षेपणादिकम् ॥
    -कल्याणकः a horse with white feet and a white mouth.
    -कषाय a decoction from the fruits of five plants (जम्बु, शाल्मलि, वाट्याल, बकुल and बदर).
    -कृत्यम् the five actions by which the Supreme Power manifests itself (सृष्टि, स्थिति, संहार, तिरोभाव and अनुग्रह- करण).
    -कृत्वस् ind. five times.
    -कृष्णः A kind of game. (
    -ष्णाः) The five deities of Mahānubhāva sect namely चक्रवर्ती कृष्ण, Datta of Mātāpura, Gundam Raul of ऋद्धिपुर, चांगदेव राऊळ of द्वारावती and चांगदेव राऊळ of प्रतिष्ठान.
    -कोणः a pentagon.
    -कोलम् the five spices taken collec- tively; पिप्पली पिप्पलीमूलं चव्यचित्रकनागरम् । पञ्चकोलं......... (Mar. पिंपळी, पिंपळमूळ, चवक, चित्रक व सुंठ).
    -कोषाः m. (pl.) the five vestures or wrappers supposed to invest the soul; they are:-- अन्नमयकोष or the earthly body (स्थूलशरीर); प्राणमयकोष the vesture of the vital airs; मनो- मयकोष the sensorial vesture; विज्ञानमयकोष the cognitional vesture (these three form the लिङ्गशरीर); and आनन्द- मयकोष the last vesture, that of beatitude. कोषैरन्नमयाद्यैः पञ्चभिरात्मा न संवृतो भाति । निजशक्तिसमुप्तन्नैः शैवालप़टलैरिवाम्बु वापीस्थम् ॥ Vivekachūdāmaṇi.
    -क्रोशी 1 a distance of five Kroṣas.
    -2 N. of the city, Banares.
    -खट्वम्, -खट्वी a collection of five beds.
    -गत a. (in alg.) raised to the fifth power.
    -गवम् a collection of five cows.
    -गव्यम् the five products of the cow taken collectively; i. e. milk, curds, clarified butter or ghee, urine, and cowdung (क्षीरं दधि तथा चाज्यं मूत्रं गोमयमेव च).
    -गु a. bought with five cows.
    -गुण a. five-fold. (
    -णाः) the five objects of sense (रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श and शब्द). (
    -णी) the earth.
    -गुप्तः 1 a tortoise (as drawing in its 4 feet and head).
    -2 the materialistic system of philosophy, the doctrines of the Chārvākas.
    -घातः (in music) a kind of mea- sure.
    -चत्वारिंश a. forty-fifth.
    -चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-five.
    -चामरम् N. of 2 kinds of metre; प्रमाणिकापदद्वयं वदन्ति पञ्चचामरम् Vṛittaratnākara.
    -जनः 1 a man, man- kind.
    -2 N. of a demon who had assumed the form of a conch-shell, and was slain by Kṛiṣṇa; तस्मै प्रादाद्वरं पुत्रं मृतं पञ्चजनोदरात् Bhāg.3.3.2.
    -3 the soul.
    -4 the five classes of beings; i. e. gods, men, Gandharvas, serpents and pitṛis; यस्मिन् पञ्च पञ्चजना आकाशश्च प्रतिष्ठितः Bṛi. Up.4.4.17.
    -5 the four primary castes of the Hindus (ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य and शूद्र) with the Niṣādas or barbarians as the fifth (pl. in these two senses); (for a full exposition see Sārirabhāṣya on Br. Sūtras 1.4.11-13). (
    -नी) an assemblage of five persons.
    -जनीन a. devoted to the five races. (
    -नः) an actor, a mimic, buffoon, one who is devoted to the pentad viz. singer, musician, dancer, harlot and a jester; गायकवादक- नर्तकदासीभण्डरतः खलु पञ्चजनीनः Bhāsāvritti on P.V.1.9.
    -ज्ञानः 1 an epithet of Buddha as possessing the five kinds of knowledge.
    -2 a man familiar with the doc- trines of the Pāśupatas.
    -तक्षम्, -क्षी a collection of five carpenters.
    -तत्त्वम् 1 the five elements taken collectively; i. e. पृत्थी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु and आकाश.
    -2 (in the Tantras) the five essentials of the Tāntrikas, also called पञ्चमकार because they all begin with म; i. e. मद्य, मांस, मत्स्य, मुद्रा and मैथुन.
    -तन्त्रम् N. of a well-known collection in five books containing moral stories and fables by Visnugupta; पञ्चतन्त्रात्तथान्यस्माद् ग्रन्थादाकृष्य लिख्यते H. Pr.9.
    -तन्मात्रम् the five subtle and pri- mary elements (such as शब्द, रस, स्पर्श and रूप and गन्ध).
    -तपस् m. an ascetic who in summer practises penance sitting in the middle of four fires with the sun burning right over his head; cf. हविर्भुजामेधवतां चतुर्णां मध्ये ललाटंतपसप्तसप्तिः R.13.41; Ku.5.23; Ms.6.23 and Śi.2.51. also; ग्रीष्मे पञ्चतपा वीरो वर्षास्वासारषाण्मुनिः Bhāg. 4.23.6; Rām.3.6.5.
    -तय a. five-fold; वृत्तयः पञ्चतय्यः क्लिष्टा अक्लिष्टाः Mbh. (
    -यः) a pentad.
    -तिक्तम् the five bitter things:-- निवामृतावृषपटोलनिदिग्धिकाश्च.
    -त्रिंश a. thirtyfifth.
    -त्रिंशत्, -त्रिंशतिः f. thirty-five.
    -दश a.
    1 fifteenth.
    -2 increased by fifteen; as in पञ्चदशं शतम् 'one hundred and fifteen'.
    -दशन् a. (pl.) fifteen.
    ˚अहः a period of fifteen days.
    -दशिन् a. made or consisting of fifteen.
    -दशी 1 the fifteenth day of a lunar fort- night (the full or new moon day); Y.1.146.
    -2 N. of a philosophical work (प्रकरणग्रन्थ) by माधवाचार्य (विद्यारण्य).
    -दीर्घम् the five long parts of the body; the arms, eyes, belly, nose and breast; बाहू नेत्रद्वयं कुक्षिर्द्वे तु नासे तथैव च । स्तनयोरन्तरं चैव पञ्चदीर्घं प्रचक्षते ॥
    -देवताः the five deities:-- आदित्यं गणनाथं च देवीं रुद्रं च केशवम् । पञ्चदैवतमित्युक्तं सर्वकर्मसु पूजयेत् ॥
    -धारणक a. upheld by the five elements.
    -नखः 1 any animal with five claws; such as the hare, alligator, tortoise, porcupine, rhinoceros शशकः शल्लकी गोधा खड्गी कूर्मश्च पञ्चमः । पञ्च पञ्चनखा भक्ष्या ये प्रोक्ताः कृतजैर्द्विजैः Bk.6.131; Ms.5.17,18; Y.1.177.
    -2 an elephant.
    -3 a turtle.
    -4 a lion or tiger.
    -नखी, -नखराज an iguana (Mar. घोरपड); Gīrvāṇa.
    -नदः 'the country of five rivers, the modern Panjab (the five rivers being शतद्रु, विपाशा, इरावती, चन्द्रभागा and वितस्ता, or the modern names Sutlej, Beas, Ravee, Chenab and Jhelum).
    -दा (pl.) the people of this country.
    -नवतिः f. ninety-five.
    -निम्बम् the five products of निम्ब viz. (the flowers, fruit, leaves, bark and root).
    -नीराजनम् waving five things before an idol and then falling prostrate before it; (the five things being:-- a lamp, lotus, cloth, mango and betel-leaf).
    -पञ्चाश a. fiftyfifth.
    -पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-five.
    -पदी 1 five steps; पुंसो यमान्तं व्रजतो$पिनिष्ठुरै- रेतैर्धनैः पञ्चपदी न दीयते Pt.2.115.
    -2 the five strong cases, i. e. the first five inflections
    -पर्वन् n. (pl.) the five parvans q. v.; they are चतुर्दश्यष्टमी चैव अमावास्या च पूर्णिमा । पर्वाण्येतानि राजेन्द्र रविसंक्रान्तिरेव च ॥ a. five-knotted (an arrow).
    -पल्लवम् The leaves of the mango, fig, banyan, ficus religiosa (Mar. पिंपळ) and Genus Ficus (Mar. पायरी). There are other variations such as पनस, आम्र, पिप्पल, वट and बकुल. The first group is for the Vedic ritual only.
    -पात्रम् 1 five vessels taken collectively.
    -2 a Srāddha in which offerings are made in five vessels.
    -पाद् a. consisting of five feet, steps, or parts; पञ्चपादं पितरम् Praśna Up.1.11. (-m.) a year (संवत्सर).
    -पादिका N. of a commentary on शारीरकभाष्य.
    -पितृ m. (pl.) the five fathers:-- जनकश्चोपनेता च यश्च कन्यां प्रयच्छति । अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैते पितरः स्मृताः ॥
    -पित्तम् the bile of five ani- mals viz. (the boar, goat, buffalo, fish and peacock).
    -प्रस्थ a. having five elevations (a forest).
    -प्राणाः m. (pl.) the five life-winds or vital airs: प्राण, अपान, व्यान, उदान, and समान.
    -प्रासादः a temple of a particular size with four pinnacles and a steeple.
    -बन्ध a fine equal to the fifth part of anything lost or stolen.
    -बलाः five medicinal herbs, namely बला, नागबला, महाबला, अति- बला and राजबला.
    -बाणः, -वाणः, -शरः epithets of the god of love; see पञ्चेषु.
    -बाहुः N. of Śiva.
    -बिन्दुप्रसृतम् N. of a particular movement in dancing; Dk.2.
    -बीजानि the five seeds:--कर्कटी, त्रपुस, दाडिम, पद्मबीज, and वानरीबीज.
    -भद्र a.
    1 having five good qualities.
    -2 consisting of five good ingredients (as a sauce &c.).
    -3 having five auspicious marks (as a horse) in the chest, back, face and flanks.
    -4 vicious.
    -द्रः a kind of pavilion.
    -भागिन् m. the five deities of पञ्चमहा- यज्ञ; धर्मकामविहीनस्य चुक्रुधुः पञ्चभागिनः Bhāg.11.23.9.
    -भुज a. pentagonal.
    (-जः) 1 a pentagon; cf. पञ्चकोण.
    -2 N. of Gaṇeśa.
    -भूतम् the five elements; पृथ्वी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु and आकाश.
    -भृङ्गाः the five trees, viz. देवदाली (Mar. देवडंगरी), शमी, भङ्गा (Mar. भांग), निर्गुण्डी and तमालपत्र.
    -मकारम् the five essentials of the left-hand Tantra ritual of which the first letter is म; see पञ्चतत्त्व (2).
    -महापातकम् the five great sins; see महापातक Ms.11. 54.
    -महायज्ञाः m. (pl.) the five daily sacrifices enjoined to be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः पितृ- यज्ञस्तु तर्पणम् । होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञो$तिथिपूजनम् ॥ Ms.3.7. अहुतं च हुतं चैव तथा प्रहुतमेव च । ब्राह्मं हुतं प्राशितं च पञ्च यज्ञान् प्रचक्षते ॥ Ms.3.73; see महायज्ञ.
    -मारः son of Baladeva; L. D. B.
    -माश(षि)क a. consisting of five Māṣas (as a fine &c.).
    -माष(षि)क a. amounting to five māṣas; गर्दभाजाविकानां तु दण्डः स्यात्पञ्चमाषिकः Ms.8.298.
    -मास्य a. happening every five months.
    -मुखः an arrow with five points; (for other senses see पञ्चानन.)
    -मुद्रा five gestures to be made in presenting offerings to an idol; viz आवाहनी, स्थापनी, संनिधापनी, संबोधनी and संमुखीकरणी; see मुद्रा.
    -मूत्रम् the urine of five female animals; the cow, goat, she-buffalo, sheep, and she-ass.).
    -मूलम् there are nine varieties of the pentad combinations of roots; लघुपञ्चमूल, बृहत्पञ्चमूल, शतावर्यादि, तृणपञ्चमूल, जीवकादिपञ्चमूल, पुनर्नवादिपञ्चमूल, गोक्षुरादि˚, वल्ली˚.
    -रत्नम् a collection of five gems; (they are variously enumerated: (1) नीलकं वज्रकं चेति पद्मरागश्च मौक्तिकम् । प्रवालं चेति विज्ञेयं पंचरत्नं मनीषिभिः ॥ (2) सुवर्णं रजतं मुक्ता राजावर्तं प्रवालकम् । रत्नपञ्चकमाख्यातम्...॥ (3) कनकं हीरकं नीलं पद्मरागश्च मौक्तिकम् । पञ्चरत्नमिदं प्रोक्त- मृषिभिः पूर्वदर्शिभिः ॥
    -2 the five most admired episodes of the Mahābhārata; गीता, विष्णुसहस्रनाम, भीष्मस्तवराज, अनुस्मृति and गजेन्द्रमोक्ष).
    -रसा the आमलकी tree (Mar. आंवळी).
    -रात्रम् 1 a period of five nights; इत्यर्थं वयमानीताः पञ्चरात्रो$पि विद्यते Pañch.3.24.
    -2 N. of one of Bhāsa's dramas.
    -3 N. of a philosophical treatise attributed to Nārada.
    -4 N. of an अहीन (sacrifice) lasting for 5 days; स एतं पञ्चरात्रं पुरुषमेधं यज्ञक्रतुमपश्यत् Śat. Br.; cf. Mb.12.218. 11.
    -राशिकम् the rule of five (in math.).
    -लक्षणम् a Purāṇa; so called because it deals with five important topics:-- सर्गश्च प्रतिसर्गश्च वंशो मन्वन्तराणि च । वंशानुचरितं चैव पुराणं पञ्चलक्षणम् ॥ see पुराण also.
    -लवणम् five kinds of salt; i. e. काचक, सैन्धव, सामुद्र, बिड and सौवर्चल.
    -लाङ्गलकम् a gift (महादान) of as much land as can be cultivated with five ploughs.
    -लोकपालः the five guardian deities viz. Vināyaka, Durgā, Vāyu, Ākāśa and Aśvinīkumāra.
    -लोहम् a metallic alloy containing five metals (i. e. copper, brass, tin, lead and iron).
    -लोहकम् the five metals i. e. gold, silver, copper, tin and lead.
    -वटः the sacred or sacrificial thread worn across the breast (यज्ञोपवीत).
    -वटी 1 the five fig-trees: i. e. अश्वत्थ, बिल्व, वट, धात्री and अशोक.
    -2 N. of a part of the Daṇḍakā forest where the Godāvarī rises and where Rāma dwelt for a considerable time with his beloved; it is two miles from Nasik; परिहरन्तमपि मामितः पञ्चवटीस्नेहो बलादाकर्षतीव U.2.27/28; R.13.34.
    -वर्गः 1 an aggregate of five.
    -2 the five essential elements of the body.
    -3 the five organs of sense; संतुष्टपञ्चवर्गो$हं लोकयात्रां प्रवाहये Rām.2.19.27.
    -4 the five daily sacrifices enjoined to be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; cf. महायज्ञ.
    -5 the five classes of spies (कापटिक, उदास्थित, गृहपतिव्यञ्जन, वैदेहिकव्यञ्जन and तापसव्यञ्जन); cf. Kull. on Ms.7.154.
    -वर्षदेशीय a. about five years old.
    -वर्षीय a. five years old.
    -वल्कलम् a collection of the barks of five kinds of trees; namely न्यग्रोध, उदुम्बर, अश्वत्थ, प्लक्ष and वेतस.
    -वल्लभा N. of Draupadī.
    -वार्षिक a. recurring every five years.
    -वाहिन् a. drawn by five (as a carriage).
    -विंश a. twenty-fifth.
    -शः 1 a Stoma consisting of 25 parts.
    -2 N. of Viṣṇu (regarded as the 25th तत्त्व); स तु जन- परितापं तत्कृतं जानता ते नरहर उपनीतः पञ्चतां पञ्चविंश Bhāg. 7.8.53.
    -विंशतिः f. twenty-five.
    -विंशतिका a collection of twenty-five; as in वेतालपञ्चविंशतिका.
    -विध a. five- fold, of five kinds. ˚प्रकृतिः f. the five departments of a government; अमात्यराष्ट्रदुर्गार्थदण्डाख्याः पञ्च चापराः Ms.7.157.
    -वीरगोष्ठम् an assembly room, concert-hall; रागमञ्जरी नाम पञ्चवीरगोष्ठे संगीतकमनुष्ठास्यति Dk.2.
    -वृत्, -वृतम् ind. five-fold.
    -वृत्तिता depending on senses; Rām.2.1.65.
    -शत a. amounting to five hundred.
    (-तम्) 1 one hundred and five.
    -2 five hundred.
    -शाखः 1 the hand; स्वशिरः पश्चशाखाभ्यामभिहत्यायतेक्षणा Mb.11.17.3; कदापि नो मुञ्चति पञ्चशाखः (नारायणस्य) Rām. Ch.1.9; स्फूर्जद्रत्नाङ्गुलीयद्युतिशबलनखद्योतिभिः पञ्चशाखैः Śiva B.3.49.
    -2 an elephant.
    -शारदीयः N. of a Yāga.
    -शिखः a lion.
    -शीलम् the five rules of conduct; Buddh.
    -शुक्लम् The holy combination of five days, viz. Uttarāyaṇa (day of the gods), the bright half of the month (day of the manes) and day time, हरिवासर and सिद्धक्षेत्र (cf. त्रिशुक्लम्).
    -ष a. (pl.) five or six; सन्त्यन्ये$पि बृहस्पतिप्रभृतयः संभाविताः पञ्चषाः Bh.2.34.
    -षष्ट a. sixty-fifth.
    -षष्टिः f. sixty-five.
    -सटः one with five tufts of hair on the head (सटाः जटाः केशसन्निवेशे मध्ये मध्ये पञ्चसु स्थानेषु क्षौरवद्वापनम्); दासो$यं मुच्यतां राज्ञस्त्वया पञ्चसटः कृतः Mb.3.272.18; (Mar. पांच पाट काढणें).
    -सप्तत a. seventy-fifth.
    -सप्ततिः f. seventy-five.
    -सस्यम् the five grains viz. धान्य, मुद्ग, तिल, यव and माष.
    -सिद्धान्ती f. the five astronomical doctrines from astronomical book like सूर्यसिद्धान्त etc.
    -सिद्धौषधयः the five medi- cinal plants:-- तैलकन्द, सुधाकन्द, क्रोडकन्द, रुदन्तिक, सर्पाक्षी.
    -सुगन्धकम् the five kinds of aromatic vegetable sub- stances; they are:-- कर्पूरकक्कोललवङ्गपुष्पगुवाकजातीफलपञ्चकेन । समांशभागेन च योजितेन मनोहरं पञ्चसुगन्धकं स्यात् ॥.
    -सूनाः f. the five things in a house by which animal life may be accidentally destroyed; they are:-- पञ्चसूना गृहस्थस्य चुल्ली पेषण्युपस्करः कण्डनी चोदकुम्भश्च Ms.3.68.
    -सूरणाः the five medicinal esculent roots; sweet and bitter सूरण, अत्यम्ल- पर्णी, काण्डीर, मालाकन्द. &c.
    -स्रोतम् n. the mind; पञ्चस्रोतसि निष्णातः Mb.12.218.11. (com. पञ्चस्त्रोतांसि विषयकेदारप्रणालिका यस्य तस्मिन् मनसि).
    -हायन a. five years old.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > पञ्चन् _pañcan

  • 13 Theophilus Presbyter

    [br]
    fl. late eleventh/early twelfth century
    [br]
    German author of the most detailed medieval treatise relating to technology.
    [br]
    The little that is known of Theophilus is what can be inferred from his great work, De diversis artibus. He was a Benedictine monk and priest living in north-west Germany, probably near an important art centre. He was an educated man, conversant with scholastic philosophy and at the same time a skilled, practising craftsman. Even his identity is obscure: Theophilus is a pseudonym, possibly for Roger of Helmarshausen, for the little that is known of both is in agreement.
    Evidence in De diversis suggests that it was probably composed during 1110 to 1140. White (see Further Reading) goes on to suggest late 1122 or early 1123, on the grounds that Theophilus only learned of St Bernard of Clairvaulx's diatribe against lavish church ornamentation during the writing of the work, for it is only in the preface to Book 3 that Theophilus seeks to justify his craft. St Bernard's Apologia can be dated late 1122. No other medieval work on art combines the comprehensive range, orderly presentation and attention to detail as does De diversis. It has been described as an encyclopedia of medieval skills and crafts. It also offers the best and often the only description of medieval technology, including the first direct reference to papermaking in the West, the earliest medieval account of bell-founding and the most complete account of organ building. Many metallurgical techniques are described in detail, such as the making of a crucible furnace and bloomery hearth.
    The treatise is divided into three books, the first on the materials and art of painting, the second on glassmaking, including stained glass, glass vessels and the blown-cylinder method for flat glass, and the final and longest book on metalwork, including working in iron, copper, gold and silver for church use, such as chalices and censers. The main texts are no mere compilations, but reveal the firsthand knowledge that can only be gained by a skilled craftsman. The prefaces to each book present perhaps the only medieval expression of an artist's ideals and how he sees his art in relation to the general scheme of things. For Theophilus, his art is a gift from God and every skill an act of praise and piety. Theophilus is thus an indispensable source for medieval crafts and technology, but there are indications that the work was also well known at the time of its composition and afterwards.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    The Wolfenbuttel and Vienna manuscripts of De diversis are the earliest, both dating from the first half of the twelfth century, while the British Library copy, in an early thirteenth-century hand, is the most complete. Two incomplete copies from the thirteenth century held at Cambridge and Leipzig offer help in arriving at a definitive edition.
    There are several references to De diversis in sixteenth-century printed works, such as Cornelius Agrippa (1530) and Josias Simmler (1585). The earliest printed edition of
    De diversis was prepared by G.H.Lessing in 1781 with the title, much used since, Diversarium artium schedula.
    There are two good recent editions: Theophilus: De diversis artibus. The Various Arts, 1964, trans. with introd. by C.R.Dodwell, London: Thomas Nelson, and On Diverse Arts. The Treatise of Theophilus, 1963, trans. with introd. and notes by J.G.Harthorne and C.S.Smith, Chicago University Press.
    Further Reading
    Lynn White, 1962, "Theophilus redivivus", Technology and Culture 5:224–33 (a comparative review of Theophilus (op. cit.) and On Diverse Arts (op. cit.)).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Theophilus Presbyter

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